2021 is right around the corner, tiktakers, and we look forward to the end of this year! Where will you be celebrating New Year's Eve? Oh, and by the way… please be careful tiktakers – you don't want what happened to today's protagonists to happen to you…

Here is the story of Rosie's mechanical engineering education and career path working on renewable energy engineering technologies for fifteen years so far.

Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II delivers her annual address in the Christmas Message to the Nation and Commonwealth.

Presented in HDR UHD.

The Queen | BBC

So here's a kind and gracious Yoll, all snowed up and enjoying herself, not even stressing Murloc out. And then there's an angry me, barging in and forcing Yoll to get home. Sadly, I had to go, and Yoll can't be left alone outside.
This video showcases how much the bird is frustrated. Fluffed up feathers on the back of her head mean your legs are screwed. Usually she pumps up like that against dogs, primarily huskies; but she's very patient when it comes to me - she rages, but calms down eventually. Once at home, she cooled off completely and decided that this was fine too, warm and all.
About her molting: it's a side effect caused by one of the meds Yoll has been taking during her treatment. Mariya warned me about it; it happens, so it's ok.

In late December 2020, the two largest planets in our Solar System, Jupiter and Saturn, will be so close in the sky that they’ll both be visible through a telescope eyepiece at the same time. Such close passes are known as Great Conjunctions.

The Great Conjunction of 2020 will be the closest in almost 400 years. This video gives an historical perspective to the 2020 Great Conjunction. I tell you what Great Conjunctions are, and about the what sets the periods between Great Conjunctions and the patterns that occur between successive Great Conjunctions. I discuss the Great Conjunctions of the 21st and 20th centuries, and the Great Conjunctions of 1623, 1563, 1226, and 7 BC. For example, did Galileo observe the Great Conjunction of 1623 using his telescope?

The Turkic languages comprise a major language family spoken widely across Eurasia. Originating from western Mongolia, Turkic migrations have brought these languages further west over the millennia.

Turkey, located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, is now home to the most Turkic speakers. These languages follow a subject-object verb sentence structure and feature vowel harmony and agglutination.

This video presents the history and evolution of the Turkic languages from 500 BCE to the present.

大秦赋观剧--必备历史知识，秦国何人可称君；何人可封侯；秦国历史上何人又封君又封侯。剧中人物君侯之别。
大家好，因公事繁忙，久未更新，在此深表歉意，特殊的一年即将过去，岁末将至，敬颂冬绥。
借着大秦赋正在热播，我今天贡献一点秦朝爵位制度的知识，以便于大家清晰明白的追剧。
秦国何人可称君；何人可封侯；秦国历史上何人又封君又封侯
爵位制度完善于周代，西周自武王伐纣以后，周武王对伐纣有功的人进行了分封，功臣与先朝帝王后裔俱列爵位五等：公、侯、伯、子、男。这个封爵制度十分的清晰简单。
下面我们先说说君号：
西周的分封制，诸侯们享有的权力十分的大，完全就是国中之国，可以有自己的军队，对自己的封地有完全的管辖权，并且是世袭的，父子代代相传，到战国时期出现的封君制则不同，虽然封君们在封地内依然享有极大的权力，但是封君在其封地之上要受到国君的调度，且基本上不是世袭的。《仪礼·丧服》篇讲：“君，至尊也。”郑玄注：“天子、诸侯及卿、大夫有地者皆曰君。”唐贾公彦又疏道：“以其有地则有臣故也。”这就指出了称君的两个条件，一是据有土地；二是属有臣子。
战国时，周天子逐渐失去权威，各诸侯纷纷自封为“王”，在“王”之下，分封的最高等级的就是“君”。原则上讲，封君以自己的封地为封号，比如秦相商鞅的封地为商於十五邑，因此得封君号—商君，但在这里我们要补充一句，这个时候的封地性质上与西周的分封制度已经大相径庭，此时的商君只不过是享有商地税赋的一部分利益，而不享有商地的统治权，而且人也不在自己的封地行使管辖权。大秦赋里赵国的平原君，因封地平原邑而得号。大王之弟，成蛟因分封食邑地名长安，而获封号长安君。但是历史上也有些君号的册封，显然与封地地名无关，比如楚国的春申君，大家都知道，春秋战国，礼坏乐崩，老规矩已经无人认真遵守，在周天子地位逐渐衰落的同时，诸侯们的各种僭越也在慢慢出现。先是用九鼎八簋陪葬，再是违制驾六……最后诸侯们连周天子分封的权力也越俎代庖、僭越代劳了。于是，封君开始出现。诸侯们将自己的封地进行二次分封，分封给卿大夫。但是，这些人虽然有封地，却不能算作诸侯，而且诸侯们也不愿意自降身价、给卿大夫与自己平起平坐的权利！最终，这些被分封的卿大夫们有了一个新名字——封君。此时的封君，除了享受对应的待遇，君号的更多内涵是王给予王室宗亲等人的荣誉，封君不一定非是王族，他们大约可分为两种：1，列国君主的子弟、外戚、幸臣；2，有文治武功于本国的将相。虽话说如此，然我们看到享有君号的依旧多为列国君王宗室子弟。大秦赋里的渨阳君；长安君；以及两位有名无实的西周君；东周君等等均是如此。秦国历史上虽有商鞅，张仪等外戚得封君号，但战国晚期，非王室宗亲的吕不韦；嫪毐；李斯等人虽得以封侯，却无一得封君号，至少我从司马迁的史记中没有看到他们封君的任何信息。由此也可以知道，君，爵册封为两个完全不同的体系。个人以为，封君制的存在某种意义上也是商鞅变法，唯军功享爵位制度，为王室宗亲的利益留的一个后门，以便王室宗亲可以享受爵位制度以外的某些特权。
我们再来看看爵位制度，西周形成完善的爵位体系：公、侯、伯、子、男。到了东周列国，各国已经是各行其道，皆开始创造性的实行自己的爵位制度，如：“卿”、“大夫”、“士”等。
秦国商鞅变法开始，实行二十级军功爵位制度，自法家商鞅，秦国采用全民皆兵的管理体制，因此商鞅的二十级军功爵位制度，实际上是中国最古老的军衔制。
秦二十级军功爵位制度"从低到高"：1公士，2上造，3簪袅，4不更，5大夫，6官大夫，7公大夫，8公乘（成），9五大夫，10左庶（树）长，11右庶长，12左更，13中更，14右更，15少上造，16大上造，17驷车，18大庶长，19关内候，20彻候
秦以上爵位授予标准如下：
商鞅规定：秦国的士兵只要斩获敌人"甲士"(敌军的军官)一个首级，就可以获得一级爵位"公士"、获田一顷（相当于今天的99亩）。宅一处和仆人一个。斩杀的首级越多，获得的爵位就越高。证据是敌人的人头(首级)。就是说在战后，把敌人的人头砍下来，带回军营，作用证据。

如果一个士兵在战场上斩获两个敌人"甲士"首级，他做囚犯的父母就可以立即释放。如果他的妻子是奴隶，也可以转为平民。

杀敌人五个"甲士"可拥有五户人的仆人。

打一次胜仗，小官升一级。大官升三级。

俸禄,主要是以粮食粟（音速）米的记量单位是‘石'。秦1石=30.75公斤

爵位岁俸(石)，每年所得

1公士50； 2上造100； 3簪袅150 ； 4不更200； 5大夫250； 6官大夫300； 7公大夫350； 8公乘400； 9五大夫450； 10左庶长500； 11右庶长550； 12左更600； 13中更650； 14右更700； 15少上造750； 16大上造800；
17驷车850； 18大庶长900； 19关内候950； 20彻候1000

由于商鞅设立秦二十级军功爵位制度，刺激提高了秦军战斗力，因此列国称秦军为虎狼之师。

大秦赋中，文信侯吕不韦；长信侯嫪毐得封爵位均为最高级别—即彻侯。他们的年俸均为：30750公斤，因此得见，他们即便不得他人贿赂，养活家人和一批门客，还是绰绰有余的。

电视剧中，被渨阳君请来的赢姓宗祠的掌管者—关内侯，虽爵位不及吕不韦，但毕竟资历老，辈分高，应该是秦

【蔡康永在《說話之道》出版10年後，又寫了一本情商書。他口中的“情商”，是一個更難達到的境界：不用考慮別人的看法、照顧自己的情緒、放下所有的“應該”……在新書《因為這是你的人生》裡，蔡康永列出了26道人生難題，著重講了如何與父母、朋友相處，今天我們就和康永哥一起聊一聊。Ten years after the publication of “Speaking Skills”, Cai Kangyong wrote another book on emotional intelligence. What he call emotional intelligence is a higher level harder to reach — neglect others’ opinions, take care of your own emotions, throw away all “supposed to be”. In his new book “Because This Is Your Life”, Cai brought up 26 life problems, and spared many pages on our relation with parents and friends. Let’s listen to what he thinks about it.】

你知道查水表這個詞是怎麼來的嗎？
歷史上有哪些查水表的事件呢？

我們只是分享歷史而已，
等等你先不要踹門，
不是啦你先放開我！

沈靜而災疫蔓延的歲月裡，隔離喧囂的資訊，一個人冥想時，反覆想起莊子說的幾個小故事，故事很短，有時候寥寥數句，說一條魚多麼想變成一隻飛起來的鳥；說他做了一個夢，夢到自己變成了蝴蝶，夢醒了他問自己：是我夢到蝴蝶，還是蝴蝶夢到我？

我們離故事很遠了，故事在21世紀還有存在的意義嗎？故事或許荒謬矛盾，或許雜亂不成章法，無論如何，都遠比教條還更貼近真實的人生。一個故事可以反覆讀，可能是因為那故事本身不是道理，道理通常很簡單，不難懂，但是有比道理更高的存在，像一朵花，或一個夢，似懂非懂，可以用一生去反覆咀嚼，像是品味自己的生命，甜酸鹹辣苦，你都嚐過，都不會消失，留在身體最深處，時時會出來和你對話。

所以，21世紀下的你我，還能靜下來聽一聽古老的故事嗎？

A growing number of people who recover from COVID-19 are experiencing long-term health problems. This includes younger patients without pre-existing conditions who had only mild symptoms with the virus. How are doctors and patients responding?

The COVID-19 disease is triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and can affect multiple organs. The symptoms of the initial illness are now well known. But what about the long-term effects of coronavirus? Not everyone who gets COVID-19 makes a full recovery afterwards. A growing number of people are experiencing reduced physical and abilities and cognitive symptoms. One such patient is 31-year old junior doctor Maria. Five months after falling sick, she is still unable to work normally.

In October, Germany’s University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein launched the largest study to date on the long-term effects of coronavirus. Teams of doctors specialized in various fields of medicine are planning to examine several thousand former COVID-19 patients who have officially "recovered" from the virus. They’re looking in particular at the lungs, heart, kidneys and liver, as well as the nervous system and metabolism. Christopher Bley from Berlin would welcome the opportunity to be included in a study like that. The 35-year-old feels he isn’t getting the support he needs from doctors. Ever since the father of two contracted the virus, he has been battling shortness of breath. For a long time, he hoped he would heal naturally, but the problem persists.
Writer Nina Marewski from Frankfurt feels similarly let down by doctors. She says they either ignore her or don’t take her seriously. She has been writing about her experience with coronavirus online, and is giving a voice to other post-COVID "long haulers". This documentary accompanies three people who are struggling with the aftereffects of the virus. What do the health problems mean for them and how do they deal with the uncertainty about whether they will ever make a full recovery?

Biden beat Trump. Now what? Ezra Klein explains.

BBC The Story of Maths. The language of the universe from the BBC.
A documentary with subtitles. Episode 01

Acquainted with the fundamental mathematics in our lives, Marcus du Sauto explores the mathematics of Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and Greece.

In Egypt, he discloses the use of a decimal system based on ten fingers, while in the former Mesopotamia, two arms were counted to 60.

In Greece, he considers the contributions of some of the giants of mathematics, including Plato, Euclid, Archimedes, and Pythagoras, who are credited with starting the transformation of mathematics from a tool for counting into an analytical subject that we know today.

3blue1brown is one of my favorite channel, a channel about animating math, in all senses of the word animate.

Full playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...
Home page: https://www.3blue1brown.com

A brief answer to one of the key questions about climate change: What is net-zero? (Written by Myles Allen, David Biello and George Zaidan)

A brief answer to one of the key questions about climate change: Why is the world warming up? (Written by Myles Allen, David Biello and George Zaidan)